SULPHOSUCCINIC ACID ESTER

SULPHOSUCCINIC ACID ESTER - Names and Identifiers

Name	SULPHOSUCCINIC ACID ESTER
Synonyms	Phosphorate SULPHOSUCCINIC ACID ESTER

SULPHOSUCCINIC ACID ESTER - Uses and synthesis methods

phosphate esters

The hydrogen atom of the hydroxyl group in the phosphate molecule is completely or partially replaced by an alkyl group and an aryl group, which is called a phosphate ester. If the oxygen of the phosphoryl group is replaced by sulfur, it is called phosphorothioate. Among them, R1, R2, R3 can be the same alkyl group or aryl group; It can also be a different alkyl group or aryl group; It can also be that alkyl group and aryl group appear at the same time. R1, R2, and R3 can be replaced at the same time, or only one or two of them can be replaced. That is, it can produce monoesters, diesters or triesters, symmetric esters and asymmetric esters. Phosphate esters are widely found in nature, and some esters also have physiological activities. For example, nucleic acids and coenzymes contain phosphate esters; another example is phosphoglyceride, which is the main component unique to cell membranes; but some phosphate esters It has high toxicity to mammals and has inhibitory effects on cholinesterase, serum esterase, pancreatic esterase and liver esterase.

As early as 1870, W.Hytt and others began to use phosphate esters as plasticizers for nitrocellulose. After the Second World War, the use as plasticizers developed rapidly. The main varieties are: tricylphenyl phosphate, trioctyl phosphate, butyl diphenyl phosphate, tolyl diphenyl phosphate, tris (chloroethyl) phosphate, tributyl phosphate, etc. Generally speaking, it has good compatibility with resin, but except for trioctyl phosphate, the cold resistance is poor. The biggest feature is that the resin has good flame retardancy, which can make polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polyester, polyurethane, phenolic resin, etc. obtain flame retardancy. As the amount of phosphate added increases, the resin is better in flame retardancy or self-extinguishing. Phosphate esters suitable for flame retardants mainly include: tris (chloroethyl) phosphate, tris (chloropropyl) phosphate, tris (dibromopropyl) phosphate, triphenyl phosphate, tricoluene phosphate, tristyl butyl phenyl phosphate, etc. They are all filled with flame retardants. As a reactive flame retardant, phosphate esters are introduced into polymer segments.

phosphate esters are not only used as plasticizers and flame retardants, but also widely used as herbicides, fungicides and pesticides for pesticides. they are a large category of organophosphorus pesticides, with more than 400 kinds, such as terbutadiene phosphorus, high phosphorus, housefly phosphorus, ethyl phosphorus, etc.

The reaction of phosphorus pentasulfide and butanol produces dibutyl dithiophosphate, and its zinc salt (or barium salt) can be used as a lubricant additive and detergent dispersant. Trimethyl phosphate and tricresyl phosphate can be used as gasoline octane number increasing agent. Tributyl phosphate is also used as a defoamer.

Phosphate esters are usually formed by reacting phosphoryl chloride with phenols or alcohols and esters. It can also be prepared by the reaction of phosphoryl chloride and ethylene oxide: for example, tributyl phosphate: POCl3 3C4H9OH & rarr; (C4H9O)3P = O 3HCl.

synthetic lubricants

A class of synthetic lubricants. Where R, R & prime;, R & Prime; is a selected phenyl, phenol, tolyl or alkyl group having C4-C12 or C4-C10 hydrocarbon groups. Tolyl diphenyl phosphate is the most widely used phosphate type lubricating oil. In addition, there are chlorinated diphenyl ether and trimethylbenzene phosphate composite lubricating oil. It has good flame resistance, low temperature viscosity-temperature and lubricity. It is widely used for the lubrication of hydraulic systems and air compressors, as well as for the lubrication of hydraulic presses and hydraulic electric turbines. However, the performance of water resistance, corrosion resistance and sealing is worse than that of petroleum lubricating oil.

Phosphate anionic surfactant

Phosphate-type anionic surfactant refers to anionic surfactant with phosphate group, which has three types: monoester, diester and triester. Triesters are strictly non-ionic surfactants, but due to the preparation method, triesters are usually mixed with monoesters and diesters to form a mixture. Therefore, triesters are also included in the classification of anionic surfactants. Commercial products are mostly mixed esters. A typical natural product surfactant-egg yolk is a phosphate salt amphoteric surfactant, which has high safety and is suitable for emulsifiers and dispersants for food, coatings, etc. Phosphate-type anionic surfactants are structurally similar to egg yolk. The properties of phosphate-type anionic surfactants vary due to the types of alcohol components and the ratios of monoesters, diesters and triesters or the types of salts, and can have different surface activities and solubility (water solubility, oil solubility). Compared with high alcohol sulfate, one of the typical anionic surfactants, it has excellent stability to heat or acid and has no irritation to skin.

Phosphate ester anionic surfactants can be formed from the phosphorylation reaction of alcohols, and the phosphorylation reactants must be neutralized and refined accordingly. The component of the alcohol can be a high-carbon alcohol and its adduct with ethylene oxide, or an adduct with alkyl phenol and ethylene oxide. As a phosphoric acid agent, anhydrous phosphoric acid (P2O5), phosphoryl chloride (POCl3), etc. can be used. Generally, anhydrous phosphoric acid is used as a phosphoric acid agent to prepare a mixture of monoesters and diesters. 3ROH P2O5 & rarr; monoester diester.

High-purity phosphate triesters can also be synthesized by controlling the ratio of phosphoryl chloride to alcohol. As a neutralizing agent, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, ammonia and amines can be used.

It can also be extracted from vegetable oil-soybean oil.

Phosphate-type anionic surfactants are limited in use due to their higher cost than sulfate-type, and are rarely used alone. They are generally used as compound ingredients for different purposes. It is mainly used as fiber smoothing agent, antistatic agent, cosmetic emulsifier, cosolvent, emulsifier for emulsion polymerization, and dispersant for synthetic resin and coating.

Last Update：2024-04-10 22:29:15